Influencers linked to the online “manosphere” are convincing healthy young men that normal changes in mood, energy or libido mean they have low testosterone, according to a study published in Social Science and Medicine.
Researchers analysed popular posts on TikTok and Instagram, finding that routine testosterone testing was promoted as essential to masculinity, despite being medically unnecessary for most young men.
The lead author, from the University of Copenhagen, said normal experiences were often framed as medical problems, driving men towards tests, supplements and treatments with little evidence of benefit.
Experts warned that unnecessary testing and treatment can carry risks, including infertility and heart problems, and stressed that testosterone levels vary naturally and should only be assessed when clear medical symptoms are present.
